In chemistry, the term activation energy is related to chemical reactions. Chemical reactions include one or more reactants, a specific reaction pathway, and one or more products.The gas constant, R: This is a constant which comes from the ideal gas law, P V = n R T, which relates the pressure, volume and temperature of a particular number of moles of gas. Activation energy, EA: This is the minimum energy needed for the reaction to occur, expressed in joules per mole.Almost all the chemical reactions require some activation energy to go forward. Therefore, it is important for students to know what is activation … shell6 The gas constant, R: This is a constant which comes from the ideal gas law, P V = n R T, which relates the pressure, volume and temperature of a particular number of moles of gas. Activation energy, EA: This is the minimum energy needed for the reaction to occur, expressed in joules per mole.Activation energy = threshold energy - the heat of reactants Eₐ = Ht - H₁ CALCULATING ACTIVATION ENERGY FROM ARRHENIUS LAW Arrhenius's law can be stated thus: Where: k = reaction rate A = exponential factor Eₐ = activation energy R = gas constant = 8.3145 J/K.mol T = temperature in kelvin Resolving the equation further, we have: maryland lottery pick 3 4 and 5 TS1 corresponds to the highest energy point along the IRCs of (CH) 7 + and Phen, presenting rate-limiting activation energy barriers, ΔG ‡, of 302 and 297 kJ mol −1, respectively ...k = Ae -Ea/ (RT) where k is the reaction rate coefficient, A is the frequency factor for the reaction, e is the irrational number (approximately equal to 2.718), E a is the activation energy, R is the universal gas constant, and T is the absolute temperature (Kelvin). disposable vapes colorado 13 thg 7, 2016 ... This chemistry video tutorial focuses on the Arrhenius equation and how to derive it's many different forms within the subject of chemical ...The Arrhenius equation is then used to relate the rate and temperature data to an energy of activation for the demulsification process. A total of 36 undergraduate laboratory groups in first-year chemistry courses performed this experiment. The students' data consistently yielded linear Arrhenius plots with an average R2 value of 0.928 ± 0.035.This video provides a basic introduction into collision theory. It also provides the Arrhenius equation and related formulas needed to calculate quantities ... bromphen pse dm 2 30 10mg(b) Explain, illustrating with appropriate equation(s), why an aqueous solution of aluminium chloride is acidic. 1990 WAEC Chemistry Theory (a) Give one reason why a collision between reactants may not produce new species. write a prisoner uk Use the Arrhenius equation as your starting point for calculating activation energy: k = Ae^ (-E_a/RT). Rearrange the equation to E_a = -R * T * ln (k/A) if you’re given one temperature reading and the pre-exponential factor.039 - Activation EnergyIn this video Paul Andersen explains how the activation energy is a measure of the amount of energy required for a chemical reaction t...The activation energy of a chemical reaction is 100 kJ/mol and it’s A factor is 10 M-1s-1. Find the rate constant of this equation at a temperature of 300 K. Given, E a = 100 kJ.mol -1 = 100000 J.mol -1 A = 10 M -1 s -1, ln (A) = 2.3 (approx.) T = 300 KThe as-obtained μFs are hereafter referred to as Ni 0.94 Fe 0.06 O, Ni 0.9 Fe 0.1 O, Ni 0.73 Fe 0.27 O and Ni 0.64 Fe 0.36 O on the basis of the atomic composition calculated from energy dispersive X-ray analysis corresponding to metal molar ratios in the bath of 0.05, 0.09, 0.2 and 0.3, respectively.. Preparation of electrodes. Prior to …This video provides a basic introduction into collision theory. It also provides the Arrhenius equation and related formulas needed to calculate quantities ...Feb 12, 2023 · Determining the Activation Energy The Arrhenius equation, k = Ae − Ea / RT can be written in a non-exponential form that is often more convenient to use and to interpret graphically. Taking the logarithms of both sides and separating the exponential and pre-exponential terms yields The energy needed to start a chemical reaction is called activation energy. Activation energy is like the push a child needs to start going down a playground slide. The push gives the child enough energy to start moving, but once she starts, she keeps moving without being pushed again. Activation energy is illustrated in Figure \(\PageIndex{5}\).Use the Arrhenius equation to determine the activation energy for the flashing process. It takes about 3 minutes to cook a hardboiled egg in Los Angeles, but at the higher altitude of Denver, where water boils at 92°C, the cooking time is 4 minutes. Estimate the activation energy for the coagulation of egg albumin protein. stdkru The equation is commonly given in the form of an exponential function, k = A exp (− E / RT ), and it predicts that a small increase in reaction temperature will produce a marked increase in the magnitude of the reaction-rate constant. Chemistry Stack Exchange is a question and answer site for scientists, academics, teachers, and students in the field of chemistry. It only takes a minute to sign …The exact same thing occurs during a chemical reaction. For a reaction to occur, the reactant must collide with each other with some minimum amount of energy to ... afyon burdur otobus bileti Rearranging this equation to isolate activation energy yields: E a = − R ( ln k 2 − ln k 1 ( 1 T 2) − ( 1 T 1)) Any two data pairs may be substituted into this equation—for example, the first and last entries from the above data table: E a = −8.314 J mol −1 K −1 ( −3.231 − ( −14.860) 1.28 × 10 −3 K −1 − 1.80 × 10 −3 K −1)where x is the reciprocal of T.. So, when a reaction has a rate constant that obeys the Arrhenius equation, a plot of ln k versus T −1 gives a straight line, whose gradient and … citrus county crime reports The Arrhenius equation Forms of the Arrhenius equation Using the Arrhenius equation Collision theory and the Maxwell–Boltzmann distribution Elementary reactions Reaction mechanism and rate law Reaction mechanism and rate law The pre-equilibrium approximation Multistep reaction energy profiles Catalysts Types of catalysts Types of catalysts The formula for calculating thermal energy is Q = mcΔT, where “Q” represents the thermal energy, “m” indicates the substance’s mass, “c” denotes the specific heat and “ΔT” signifies the temperature difference. Thermal energy is typically me...In this equation, k is the rate constant for the reaction, Z is a proportionality constant that varies from one reaction to another, E a is the activation energy for the reaction, R is … costco party food The plot of , ln β, and vs. 1/ T gives a linear line with the slope , , and for KAS, FWO, and Starink methods respectively, from which the calculations of activation energies are executed. Intercepts of the straight lines signify the preexponential factors. 3.3 Model fitting kinetics Model-free method or Coats and Redfern model is one of the important methods that provide information ...In chemistry and physics, activation energy is the minimum amount of energy that must be provided for compounds to result in a chemical reaction. The activation energy (E a) …Reaction A, because the activation energy is higher that reaction B Reaction A, because the activation energy is lower than reaction B. ... Another question on Chemistry. Chemistry, 22.06.2019 04:50. Write the overall equation for the reaction for lithium battery. Answers: 2. Answer. Chemistry, 22.06.2019 12:30 ... waxed canvas In this equation, k is the rate constant for the reaction, Z is a proportionality constant that varies from one reaction to another, E a is the activation energy for the reaction, R is the ideal gas constant in joules per mole kelvin, and T is the temperature in kelvin. The Arrhenius equation can be used to determine the activation energy for a ... The governing flow equations of non-Newtonian fluids are generally with higher order ... The presence of binary chemical reaction under activation energy in ...The activation energy of a chemical reaction is 100 kJ/mol and it’s A factor is 10 M-1s-1. Find the rate constant of this equation at a temperature of 300 K. Given, E a = 100 kJ.mol -1 = 100000 J.mol -1. A = 10 M -1 s -1, ln (A) = 2.3 (approx.) T = 300 K. The value of the rate constant can be obtained from the logarithmic form of the ... We can say activation energy as the minimum possible quantity of energy (minimum) that is necessary to initiate a reaction or the quantity of energy existing in a chemical system for a reaction to occur. Let us take E a = 0, then based on Arrhenius equation, K = A e − E a / R T K = A e 0 K = AWe can say activation energy as the minimum possible quantity of energy (minimum) that is necessary to initiate a reaction or the quantity of energy existing in a chemical system for a reaction to occur. Let us take E a = 0, then based on Arrhenius equation, K = A e − E a / R T K = A e 0 K = AThe activation energy of a chemical reaction is 100 kJ/mol and it’s A factor is 10 M-1s-1. Find the rate constant of this equation at a temperature of 300 K. Given, E a = 100 kJ.mol -1 = 100000 J.mol -1 A = 10 M -1 s -1, ln (A) = 2.3 (approx.) T = 300 K rbt online training dollar65 The activation energy can also be calculated algebraically if k is known at two different temperatures: At temperature 1: ln k1 k 1 = – Ea RT 1 +lnA E a R T 1 + l n A At temperature 2: ln k2 k 2 = – Ea RT 2 +lnA E a R T 2 + l n A We can subtract one of these equations from the other: And we call this the activation energy, which is symbolized by E sub-a here. So this is the activation energy. And the activation energy is important, because this is the minimum amount of energy that's required to initiate a chemical reaction, and for this reaction, we can see we need to get to 60 kilojoules per mol. grown ups 2 where to watch The activation energy is the minimum amount of energy needed for a collision to be successful. It is different for different reactions. Colliding particles 1. Two pairs of particles move...In chemistry and physics, activation energy is the minimum amount of energy needed to start a chemical reaction. Reactants often get activation energy from …Activation energy is the least possible energy required to start a chemical reaction. The activation energy (Ea) of a reaction is measured in joules(J), ... is persian food halal The activation energy can also be found algebraically by substituting two rate constants (k1, k2) and the two corresponding reaction temperatures (T1, T2) into Figure out mathematic question Math can be tough to wrap your head around, but with a little practice, it can be a breeze! Activation energy is the minimum energy that is required for reactants to be converted to products in a chemical reaction. ... be found from our energy diagram the same way as the forward reaction and additionally through the use of the Arrhenius equation. References:1,2,3,4,5. Report. Share. 1. Like. Mario Janakis. Video. 1 (Video) Activation ...Activation Energy in Chemical Kinetics Objective The objective of this at-home experiment is to demonstrate how the rate of a chemical reaction ... Based on equation (2), a plot of ln k vs T-1 will yield a straight line. The activation energy can then be extracted from the slope. money serial number lookup for value australia In most cases, the activation energy is supplied by thermal energy, either through intermoleculr collisions or (in the case of thermal dissocation) by thermal excitation of a bond-stretching vibration to a sufficiently high quantum level.Example 4. Calculate the energy of activation of a reaction for which the rate constant doubles by the increase of 10K temperature from 298K. Solution 4. Given data, \ (T_1=298K\) \ (T_2=298K+10K\) = 308K. The rate of reaction doubles when temperature increases 10°. Let us take the value of.The activation energy of a chemical reaction can be determined by, k = Ae − Ea RT. Taking natural log on both sides, lnk = lnAe − (Ea RT) For rate of constant k1 at …1. straight line equation, y = m x + c where m denotes the slope and c denotes the constant. in case of Arrhenius equation, if we assume ln k = y 1 T = x − E a R = m ln A = c hence the simplified equation will be straight line equation, y = ln k = ( − E a R T) = m ( 1 T) = x + ( ln A) = c y = m x + c 2. slope (m), m = − E a R i donpercent27t wanna be chords piano I believe this is because enthalpy is a state function and depends on the bonds in products and reactants, whereas activation energy is how much energy is needed for the reaction to occur, which can change. Even with a change in activation energy, the reactants and products remain the same, so the enthalpy stays the same. Top. Manseej Khatri 2B.Get access to a complete chemistry formula list for a complete studying experience. All basic chemistry formulas are organised here for a better learning …Using the Arrhenius Equation: To obtain activation energies, the rate constant is measured at several different temperatures. These are then plotted as ln k vs. soft spots shoes The equation k = se KT(6.5×1012s-1)e-26000 K/T is followed for the decomposition of compound A. The activation energy for the reaction is _____ kJ mol-1. (Nearest integer) JEE Main Question Bank Solutions 291. Concept ... NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Chemistry; NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Biology;Activation energy is the minimum amount of energy that must be available for a chemical reaction to occur. Let's say you are holding a match and that you gently touch it to the striking strip on the side of the match box. Nothing will happen because the energy needed to activate a chemical reaction and spark a fire is not present. w u300 phone case Use the Arrhenius equation to determine the activation energy for the flashing process. It takes about 3 minutes to cook a hardboiled egg in Los Angeles, but at the higher altitude of Denver, where water boils at 92°C, the cooking time is 4 minutes. Estimate the activation energy for the coagulation of egg albumin protein. In this equation, R is the ideal gas constant, which has a value 8.314 J/mol/K, T is temperature on the Kelvin scale, E a is the activation energy in joules per mole, e is the constant 2.7183, and A is a constant called the frequency factor, which is related to the frequency of collisions and the orientation of the reacting molecules.Scanning the substrate further led to a nucleation rate map with a spatial resolution of 100 nm, which revealed no correlation with the local roughness. These results indicate that facet structure and surface chemistry, rather than geometrical roughness, regulated the activation energy barrier for heterogeneous nucleation of embryo … salem oregon restaurants lunch The formula for kinetic energy is K.E. = 1/2 mv2, where “m” stands for mass and “v” stands for velocity. Kinetic energy is typically measured in units of Joules, and 1 Joule is equal to 1 kilogram-meters squared per second squared.The activation energy can be determined using the equation: ln (k 2 /k 1) = E a /R x (1/T 1 - 1/T 2) where. E a = the activation energy of the reaction in J/mol. R = …Energy of activation = Threshold energy - Energy of reactant ΔE = E p - E R Einstein Check out the Formula Collection of various concepts from different subjects altogether at Onlinecalculator.guru a reliable site. lotus caravans Frequency factor chemistry calculator - The activation energy calculator finds the energy required to start a chemical reaction, according to the Arrhenius ... according to the Arrhenius equation. Solve equation; Scan math problem; 24/7 Live Expert; Solve Now! ... you can enter the Activation Energy(Ea), Temperatur, Frequency factor and the ...We can say activation energy as the minimum possible quantity of energy (minimum) that is necessary to initiate a reaction or the quantity of energy existing in a chemical system for a reaction to occur. Let us take E a = 0, then based on Arrhenius equation, K = A e − E a / R T K = A e 0 K = A animals that start with short u sound If the activation energy is in terms of joules per moles, then the gas constant should be used in the dominator. However, if the activation energy is in unit of joules per molecule, then the constant, K, should be used. Arrhenius Equation per Mole k = A e − E a R T Arrhenius Equation per Molecule k = A e − E a K T "Linearized" Arrhenius EquationUse the Arrhenius equation as your starting point for calculating activation energy: k = Ae^ (-E_a/RT). Rearrange the equation to E_a = -R * T * ln (k/A) if you’re given one temperature reading and the pre-exponential factor. ddnq Given two rate constants at two temperatures, you can calculate the activation energy of the reaction.In the first 4m30s, I use the slope Online Arrhenius Equation Calculator The activation energy calculator finds the energy required to start a chemical reaction, according to the Arrhenius equation.k = Ae -Ea/ (RT) where k is the reaction rate coefficient, A is the frequency factor for the reaction, e is the irrational number (approximately equal to 2.718), E a is the activation energy, R is the universal gas constant, and T is the absolute temperature (Kelvin).12 thg 7, 2019 ... At a given temperature, the higher the Ea, the slower the reaction. The fraction of orientations that result in a reaction is the steric factor. wayne gretzky cardThis small amount of energy input necessary for all chemical reactions to occur is called the activation nenergy (or free energy of activation) and is abbreviated E A. Activation energy: Activation energy is the energy required for a reaction to proceed; it is lower if the reaction is catalyzed.First order reaction activation energy calculator - First order reaction activation energy calculator is a mathematical tool that helps to solve math equations. ... The activation energy calculator finds the energy required to start a chemical reaction, according to the Arrhenius equation. Free time to spend with your family and friends The ...In this equation, k is the rate constant for the reaction, Z is a proportionality constant that varies from one reaction to another, E a is the activation energy for the reaction, R is the ideal gas constant in joules per mole kelvin, and T is the temperature in kelvin. The Arrhenius equation can be used to determine the activation energy for a ... mqzodd Equation used Activation energy (Ea) = 33 350 J/mol Frequency factor (A) k = Ae-Ea/RT: Ideal gas constant (R) = 8.314 J/(mol*K) ... Chemistry Physical science Natural science Science comment sorted by Best Top New Controversial Q&A Add a Comment AutoModerator • ...The Arrhenius equation allows us to calculate activation energies if the rate constant is known, or vice versa. As well, it mathematically expresses the relationships we established earlier: as activation energy term Ea increases, the rate constant k decreases and therefore the rate of reaction decreases. Determining the Activation Energy solaredge app down The Arrhenius equation allows us to calculate activation energies if the rate constant is known, or vice versa. As well, it mathematically expresses the relationships we established earlier: as activation energy term Ea increases, the rate constant k decreases and therefore the rate of reaction decreases. Determining the Activation EnergyI believe this is because enthalpy is a state function and depends on the bonds in products and reactants, whereas activation energy is how much energy is needed for the reaction to occur, which can change. Even with a change in activation energy, the reactants and products remain the same, so the enthalpy stays the same. Top. Manseej Khatri 2B.So just solve for the activation energy. So we have 3.221 times 8.314 and then we need to divide that by 1.67 times 10 to the -4. And so we get an activation energy of approximately, that would be 160 kJ/mol. We need our answer in kJ/mol and not J/mol, so we'll say approximately 160 kJ/mol here. land for sale dollar100 per acre tn In the Arrhenius equation, the term activation energy (Ea) is used to describe the energy required to reach the transition state, and the exponential ...The equation is commonly given in the form of an exponential function, k = A exp (− E / RT ), and it predicts that a small increase in reaction temperature will produce a marked increase in the magnitude of the reaction-rate constant.The governing flow equations of non-Newtonian fluids are generally with higher order ... The presence of binary chemical reaction under activation energy in ... used catalytic converter price lookup The activation energy can also be found algebraically by substituting two rate constants (k1, k2) and the two corresponding reaction temperatures (T1, T2) into Figure out mathematic question Math can be tough to wrap your head around, but with a little practice, it can be a breeze! TS1 corresponds to the highest energy point along the IRCs of (CH) 7 + and Phen, presenting rate-limiting activation energy barriers, ΔG ‡, of 302 and 297 kJ mol −1, respectively ...The activation energy of a chemical reaction is closely related to its rate. Specifically, the higher the activation energy, the slower the chemical reaction will be. This is because molecules can only complete the reaction once they have reached the top of the activation energy barrier.K = Reaction Rate Constant. Taking log on both sides of the equation. In k = −E a /R [1/T]+ In A. Taking the equation y = mx + c, draw the graph to the activation … johnston county schools career technical 9,714 4 38 90. Add a comment. 8. No, it's not possible to have a negative activation energy in a simple reaction such as an isomerisation because there is no possible way to draw to potential energy curves to give a negative activation energy. The best you can do is to be activationless, and is commonly observed in electron transfer reactions ...Activation energy = Threshold energy – Average kinetic energy of the reacting molecules Ea = E (threshold) – E ( reactants) Each reaction has definite value of Ea, and this decides the fraction of total collisions which are effective. caused by java.lang.illegalargumentexception could not resolve placeholder The activation energy of a chemical reaction is 100 kJ/mol and it’s A factor is 10 M-1s-1. Find the rate constant of this equation at a temperature of 300 K. Given, E a = 100 kJ.mol -1 = 100000 J.mol -1 A = 10 M -1 s -1, ln (A) = 2.3 (approx.) T = 300 K In the Arrhenius equation [k = Ae^(-E_a/RT)], E_a represents the activation energy, k is the rate constant, A is the pre-exponential factor, R is the ideal gas constant (8.3145), T is the temperature (in Kelvins), and e is the exponential constant (2.718). You can rearrange the equation to solve for the activation energy as follows: ammon bible map TS1 corresponds to the highest energy point along the IRCs of (CH) 7 + and Phen, presenting rate-limiting activation energy barriers, ΔG ‡, of 302 and 297 kJ mol −1, respectively ... chivari chairs for sale Chemistry Formulas. Activation energy is the least potential energy required to start a chemical reaction. The molecules need some kinetic energy or velocity to collide with other molecules to start a reaction. ... From providing Chemistry, Maths, Physics formula to giving e-books of eminent authors like RD Sharma, RS Aggarwal and Lakhmir Singh ...Heterodiamond (B-C-N) Formula. Silicon dioxide Formula. Aluminium dioxide (alumina) Formula. Titanium oxide Formula. Chlorine trifluoride Formula. Phosphorous trichloride Formula. Formaldehyde Formula. Acetaldehyde Formula. Ethyl acetate Formula.To calculate the activation energy from a graph: Draw ln k (reaction rate) against 1/T (inverse of temperature in Kelvin). Find the slope of the line m knowing that m = -Eₐ/R, where Eₐ is the activation energy, and R is the ideal gas constant. Or: Make a plot of the energy of the reaction versus the reaction progress.The energy needed to start a chemical reaction is called activation energy. Activation energy is like the push a child needs to start going down a playground slide. The push gives the child enough energy to start moving, but once she starts, she keeps moving without being pushed again. Activation energy is illustrated in Figure \(\PageIndex{5}\). import module azuread It makes sense that the reverse activation energy for an exothermic reaction would be ∆H + Ea since those values added together gives you the height of the hump if you imagine the graph mirrored or going backwards. endothermic.png For an endothermic reaction, the reverse activation energy could be given by Ea - ∆H. Hope this helps!The Activation Energy of Chemical Reactions. Only a small fraction of the collisions between reactant molecules convert the reactants into the products of the reaction. This …The Arrhenius equation Forms of the Arrhenius equation Using the Arrhenius equation Collision theory and the Maxwell–Boltzmann distribution Elementary reactions Reaction mechanism and rate law Reaction mechanism and rate law The pre-equilibrium approximation Multistep reaction energy profiles Catalysts Types of catalysts Types of catalysts The equation k = se KT(6.5×1012s-1)e-26000 K/T is followed for the decomposition of compound A. The activation energy for the reaction is _____ kJ mol-1. right to face accuser cps And we call this the activation energy, which is symbolized by E sub-a here. So this is the activation energy. And the activation energy is important, because this is the minimum amount of energy that's required to initiate a chemical reaction, and for this reaction, we can see we need to get to 60 kilojoules per mol.This activation energy calculator (also called the Arrhenius equation calculator can help you calculate the minimum energy required for a chemical reaction …Energy can be transferred from the system to its surroundings, or vice versa, but it can't be created or destroyed. First Law of Thermodynamics: Euniv = Esys + Esurr = 0 A more useful form of the first law describes how energy is conserved.Use the Arrhenius equation to determine the activation energy for the flashing process. It takes about 3 minutes to cook a hardboiled egg in Los Angeles, but at the higher altitude of Denver, where water boils at 92°C, the cooking time is 4 minutes. Estimate the activation energy for the coagulation of egg albumin protein. karayip korsanlari 6 turkce dublaj izle The activation energy of a chemical reaction is 100 kJ/mol and it’s A factor is 10 M-1s-1. Find the rate constant of this equation at a temperature of 300 K. Given, E a = 100 kJ.mol -1 = 100000 J.mol -1. A = 10 M -1 s -1, ln (A) = 2.3 (approx.) T = 300 K. The value of the rate constant can be obtained from the logarithmic form of the ... no smoking sign activation energy catalyst frequency factor half-life integrated rate law average rate overall reaction order rate constant rate law rate of reaction rate determining step equation showing the dependence of reaction rate on the rate constant and the concentration of reactants time required for half of a given amount of reactant to be consumed …Nov 29, 2022 · In the Arrhenius equation [k = Ae^(-E_a/RT)], E_a represents the activation energy, k is the rate constant, A is the pre-exponential factor, R is the ideal gas constant (8.3145), T is the temperature (in Kelvins), and e is the exponential constant (2.718). You can rearrange the equation to solve for the activation energy as follows: fast online chess engine K = Reaction Rate Constant. Taking log on both sides of the equation. In k = −E a /R [1/T]+ In A. Taking the equation y = mx + c, draw the graph to the activation …15.5 Activation Energy and the Arrhenius Equation 15.6 Reaction Mechanisms 15.7 Catalysis 15.8 End-of-Chapter Material Unit 11 Oxidation & Reduction Chapter 16. Oxidation and Reduction 16.1 Oxidation-Reduction Reactions 16.2 Balancing Redox ReactionsIn this equation, k is the rate constant for the reaction, Z is a proportionality constant that varies from one reaction to another, E a is the activation energy for the reaction, R is the ideal gas constant in joules per mole kelvin, and T is the temperature in kelvin. The Arrhenius equation can be used to determine the activation energy for a ...In this equation, k is the rate constant for the reaction, Z is a proportionality constant that varies from one reaction to another, E a is the activation energy for the reaction, R is the ideal gas constant in joules per mole kelvin, and T is the temperature in kelvin. The Arrhenius equation can be used to determine the activation energy for a ... werewolf books